Uterine abnormalities are uncommon and may not exhibit many signs or symptoms. You may not even realize that you have a uterine abnormality until you try to get pregnant. Most women may think that the pain or irregularities in their menstrual period is their normal menstrual discomfort. However, this may not always be the case.
Here is all that you should know about uterine abnormalities:

1. Uterine Septum
A uterine septum or septate uterus is the most common congenital uterine abnormality. Nearly one-third of all women with uterine abnormalities have this. It is a congenital condition which means that it is present at birth. In this case, the fertilized egg implants on the septum, the placenta is unable to grow properly and miscarriage is likely. Treatment is usually minor surgery that is performed during a hysteroscopy, and it involves the removal of the abnormal tissue.

2. Bicornuate Uterus
A bicornuate uterus is a heart-shaped uterus – essentially a uterus with a dip on top. Most women with a bicornuate uterus do not have complications, but in some, it can lead to an increased risk of preterm labour. Although it may not increase the risk of a first-trimester miscarriage, but it may increase the risk in second-trimester. Treatment is not usually needed but those who are at risk of cervical insufficiency and premature delivery, may need it.

3. Unicornuate Uterus
A unicornuate uterus is a horn-shaped uterus that causes the uterus to be smaller than normal. It is a congenital malformation in which one side of the uterus does not develop properly. This uterine abnormality increases the risk of ectopic pregnancy, miscarriage and preterm delivery. Women with unicornuate uterus often have only one functioning fallopian tube. This may make it difficult to become pregnant in the first place.

4. Cervical Insufficiency
Cervical insufficiency, or an incompetent cervix, means that a woman’s cervix begins to dilate too early in pregnancy – resulting in preterm delivery and sometimes second-trimester pregnancy loss. This condition may occur as a part of a congenital abnormality of the uterus. Most women do not have any symptoms prior to preterm labour. When it is caught in time, and in subsequent pregnancies, cervical cerclage may be considered.

5. Fibroids
Around 30 to 50 percent of women have uterine fibroids. Some types of fibroids can cause miscarriage or other pregnancy complications. Fibroids usually develop during adulthood. The chances of a fibroid leading to miscarriage depends on its location within the uterus. Treatments include medication or a hysterectomy when needed. Myomectomy is the procedure which is followed to remove the fibroids surgically.

Some uterine abnormalities are present from birth, while others develop during adulthood. Diagnosis can help take the right action at the right time. Meet our experts at KIMS Cuddles to know more about diagnosis and treatment of uterine abnormalities.

*Information shared here is for general purpose Please take doctors’ advice before taking any decision.